Tall Trees
Tallest broadleaf trees of the Netherlands: Beeches up to 46 m (150 feet) tall in Middachten Alley.
Tall trees in the Netherlands and
Europe.
The Netherlands is not known for its tall trees. But, compared with the
neighbouring countrees, among native broadleaf trees there are good competitors.
The tallest trees in the
Netherlands are a group of Douglas Firs (Pseudotsuga menziesii) at
the estate of Het Loo. Tallest measured among them is 49.75 m (163.2
feet),
measured by Leo Goudzwaard and me in april 2010 using two Nikon Forestry laser
rangers. Several other
trees in this groove are 45 - 49.3 m high.
Tallest trees in North Western Europe are Grand Firs (Abies
grandis) and Douglas Firs in Great Britain: in
Wales and Scotland they have been measured by climbing and direct tape drop up to
64.28 m (210,89 feet) and resp. 63.79 m (209 feet). Also
in Scotland the tallest Sitka
Spruce (Picea sitchensis) 59 m (193.5 feet). They are all non-native species, originating from the
USA Westcoast, wich is incomparable for its huge tall conifers, wich grow
also very good in the mild and wet climate of Great Britain and Ireland.
Tallest known broadleaftrees of Holland were till november 2005 several European Beeches (Fagus
sylvatica) in the drive to the Castle of Middachten, Ellecom near Arnhem,
planted in 1783, wich reached a height of over 44 m (144.36 feet). The tallest
among them was measured as 46 m (151 ft) and even 48.5 m (159.12 ft). They were measured in december 2004 by Leo
Goudzwaard, forest ecologist of Wageningen University, using a Digital
Hypsometer Forestor Vertex. See his
website. Alas they were cut because of danger in november 2005. Now in the
same area there are still a few beeches of up to 43 m (141.076 feet).
To my knowledge in Europe there are few Beeches surpassing this height. Reports
of Beeches up to 51 m (167.32 ft) in Rumenia and former Yugoslavia still have to be
confirmed for their reliability.
In Germany and France there are measurements of Beeches 49 m (160.76 ft) tall (measurement with
climbing and direct tape drop).
With laser we could only confirm up tot 44.2 m (145 ft) till now.
In Belgium in the Sonian Forest near
Brussels Beeches we have recently measured the hight of Beeche with climbing and
tapedrop as well as with laser up to 45,65 m (149.77 ft).
Tallest native tree of Europe seems
to be the Caucasian Fir (Abies
nordmanniana), wich grows in the Caucasus as well in Turkey. Alan Mitchell
(1996) gives 68.6 m (225 feet) as its greatest height (without source).
Vladimir Dinets (e-mail 1998) gives a maximum height of 78 m (255.9 feet) near
Mzymta River in the Caucasian National Reserve, Russia.
See Gymnosperm Database: http://www.conifers.org/pi/ab/nordmanniana.htm
. In a recent mail with Michael Spraggon he wrote he only measured this by
measuring the lenght of shadows, so we have to wait for better measurements. Other
reports of Caucasian firs of 85 m also are without source and information about
the measurement method.
Tallest trees in the whole of Europe seem to be nowadays
the introduced Karri (Eucalyptus diversicolor) (up to 72 m /
236.2 ft, Dean Nicolle) in Portugal and Blue Gum (Eucalyptus
globulus) (up to 68 m (223 ft, Dean Nicolle) in Spain. These extreme fast
growing trees, originating in Australia, can reach such heights within a century.
Tallest native trees in
Northwestern and Central Europe
are Norway Spruce (Picea
abies) and White Fir (Abies alba). Both reach at least 55 m (180.4 feet) in
forests in several countries in Central Europe. Some extreme tall specimens have
been reported of both species from Bosnia and Bulgaria of between 60 and 65
meter (197 - 213 ft), but these heights have not been proven with laser or
climbing.
In 2012 a Norway spruce in Slovenia was measured by climbing with tapedrop of 62.26
m (204 ft, Michael Spraggon c.s.). In forests in Montenegro and Bosnia we
measured this species of 59.0 and 57.4 m. White fir we found only up to
54.0 m.
Tallest measured
native broadleaf trees in Europe are Sessile
Oak (Quercus
petraea) in France with laser measured 48.4 m (159 ft) in the
Forêt de Bercé in France and Common
Ash (Fraxinus excelsior) with 48.0 m (157.48 ft)
in a rich forest along the
river Danube near Kelheim, Southern Germany (Kouta R. 2011).
In the Bialowieza Primeaval Forest in Poland Ash has been found up to 44.4 m
tall (146 ft, Tomasz Niechoda, laser).
Other tall broadleafs are Limes
and Elms as well as the hybrid Poplars and Planes.
All are able to reach over 40 m, maxima have been measured of between 40 en 46 m ( 131
to 151 feet).
London Plane has recently been measured in England by climbing with
tapedrop as 48.56 m (159.3 ft);
taller figures given as of a Plane tree in France of 53 m are false. Perhaps hybrid Poplars reach heights up to 50 m, but
no reliable measurements are given till now.
Common
Oaks (Quercus robur) in Holland reach 35 - 36 m or
rarely 37 - 41 m, in surrounding countries 40 - 43.6 m (131 - 143 ft).
The tallest trees of the Netherlands and
Europe, including the UK.
Reliable laser and tapedrop
measurements are in blue. Former
trees now dead are in red.
Former
trees now dead are in red.
Measurers: DA - David Alderman; LG - Leo
Goudzwaard; MM - Marc Meier; TN - Tomasz Niechoda; JPh - Jeroen
Philippona; KR - Kouta R.; JS - Jeroen Snaaijer;
English name | Scientific name | Tallest known in the Netherlands | Tallest known in Europe | Tallest in the world |
1. Douglas Fir | Pseudotsuga menziesii | 49.75
m
Palace The Loo, Apeldoorn (climbing
with direct tape drop, 10-09-2011) 49.3 m Het Loo, (JH 2011) 48.0 m Het Loo, (LG 2011) At Het Loo several trees of 45 - 47 m 44 m Sonsbeek, Arnhem (JPh 2009) |
63.79 m
Scotland (Tree Register 2009, climbing & direct tape drop) 63.79 m Wales (Tree Register 2009, climbing & direct tape drop, felled in 2011) 63.33 m Germany (laser) 61.3 m Dunster, England (JPh 2011) 60.6 m Wales (Tree Register climbing with direct tapedrop 2011) |
99.76 m Washington State, USA Around 1900: 126.5 m, USA |
2. Common Beech | Fagus sylvatica | 48.5 m
Middachten, De Steeg
(tree was felled in 2006)
Still standing here: 43 m. 47.3 m Amelisweerd, Utrecht (measured at fallen tree in 2003) 43 m Hof te Dieren 42.6 m Sonsbeek, Arnhem 42.2 m Rhederoord, De Steegh 40.5 m Amelisweerd, Utrecht (JPh 2010) |
45.65 m
Sonian Forest, Belgium
(climbing with direct tape drop, LG, JPh, JS, 26-03-2011) 44.2 m Kirnitsch Valley, N.P. Sachsische Schweiz, Germany (KR 2010) 43 m Heilige Hallen, Germany (JPh 2010) 54 m Romenia 49 m France, Foret de Lyons 49 m Germany 46 m Tsjech Rep. |
|
3. Norway Spruce | Picea abies | 42 m,
Het Loo,
Apeldoorn (JPh 2011) 40.11 m Het Loo (LG 2011) |
63 m Perucica, Bosnia 63 m Bulgaria 62.26 m Sgermova spruce, Ribnica Pohorje, Slovenia (climbing with direct tape drop, MS 2012) 59.2 m Sachsische Schweiz, Germany (KR 2010, laser) 59.0 m Biogradska Gora NP, Montenegro (JPh& MS 2012, laser) 57.4 m Perucica, Bosnia (KR, JPh 2012, laser) 57 m Austria (2004) 51.8 m Bialowieza NP, Poland (TN 2011) |
|
4. Grand fir | Abies grandis | 42 m
Putten,
Arboretum Schovenhorst (JPh 2010) 42.0 m Oranje Nassau Oord, Renkum (LG 2010) 40.5 m Bruggelen, Beekbergen (JPh 2010) |
64.27 m
Scotland (climbed with tape drop, Tree Register of the British Isles) 50.6 m (Arboretum Tervuren, Belgium (Marc Meyer 2011, laser) |
81.4 m USA |
5. Common Oak | Quercus robur | 41.8 m
Hof te Dieren (JPh+LG, 2011) 40 m Amelisweerd, Utrecht(JPh 2010) 37.8 m Angerenstein, Arnhem (JPh 2010) 37.8 m Het Loo (JPh 2011) |
43.6 m
Bialowieza NP, Poland
(TN 2011) 41.6 m Sonian Forest, Belgium (JPh 2011) 40.4 m Stourhead, Wiltshire, England (Tree Register 2012) |
|
6. Hybrid poplar | Populus x canadensis | 41.7 m
Marienwaerdt, Beesd (JPh 2011) 41.0 m Wageningen, Nieuwe kanaal (LG 2010) 41.0 m Verwolde, Laren, Gld. (JPh2010) 40.7 m Voerendaal, Z.Limb.(JPh 2009) |
44 m England (Tree register) 44 m Ireland (Aubrey Fennell, hypsometer) |
|
7. Giant Sequoia | Sequoiadendron giganteum | 41.5 m
Spelderholt, Beekbergen (JPh 2011) 40.5 m Schovenhorst, Putten (JPh 2010) 40.2 m Het Loo (JPh 2011) 39.8 m Bruggelen, Beekbergen 39.5 m Rhederoord, Rheden |
55.0
m Dornbin, Vorarlberg, Austria
(RaL2012) 54.6 m Niederbronn-Les Bains, France (Marc Meyer) 54.5 m Blair Castle, Scotland (Tree Register) 54 m Benmore, Scotland (Tree Register) 53 m Hebden Wood, Sawley, Yorkshire, England (Rob Linley 2012, laser) |
95.8 m California, USA (Sillett, BvP) |
8. European larch | Larix decidua | 40 m
Sonsbeek, Arnhem (LG, 2011) |
52.6
m Schlitz (Vogelsbergkreis), Germany (KR & KB 2012) 47.10 m Finland (KR 2012) 45 m Scotland (Tree Register) |
|
9.Western red cedar | Thuja plicata | 39.8 m Park Het Oude Loo, Apeldoorn (LG 2011) | 42 m Scotland | ± 70 m, USA, Canada |
10. Northern red oak | Quercus rubra | 39.6 m Sonsbeek Park, Arnhem (JPh 2009) | ? | 47.64 m - Great Smokey Mountains NP, USA (Will Blozan, ENTS, 2011) |
11. Common Ash | Fraxinus excelsior | 39.5 m
Oostbroek, De Bilt
38.6 m Avegoor, Ellecom 37.5 m Amelisweerd, Utrecht |
48.0 m
Kelheim, Germany (KR 2011) 44.4 m Bialowieza, Poland (TN 2011) |
|
12. Grey poplar | Populus x canascens | 39.1 m Savelsbos, Limburg | 40 m Ireland; possible 50 m, Hungary | |
13. London Plane | Platanus x acerifolia | 39 m
Maastricht 37 m Kasteel Laag Keppel |
48.56 m
Bryanston, England (climbing,
tape drop, Tree Register of the British Isles) |
49.4 m (USA, Pl. occidentalis; ENTS) |
14. Eastern White pine | Pinus strobus | 38
m Het Loo, Apeldoorn (JPh 2011) 34.8 m Beekhuizerweg, Velp (LG 2011) |
57.6 m - Great Smokey Mountains NP, USA (Will Blozan, ENTS, climbing, 2008) | |
15. Sitka Spruce | Picea sitchensis | 37.7 m Het Loo, Apeldoorn (LG, 2010) | 59 m Scotland (DA, Tree Register, 2002). | 96.9 m California, USA (BvP) |
16. Tulip Tree | Liriodendron tulipifera | 37.6 m
Maastricht (JPh 2009) 37.5 m Angerenstein, Arnhem 37.4 m Kasteelpark Amstenrade, Schinnen (alle metingen JPh 2009) |
38.8 m Kleve, Germany (JPh 2011) | 58.5 m Great Smokey Mountains National Park, North Carolina, USA (Will Blozan, ENTS, 2011) |
17. Lombardian poplar | Populus nigra 'Italica' | 37.3 m Heerlen (LG , Nikon Forestry 2010) | 42
m Albas, Lot, France (JPh 2011) 39.4 m Mainau, Duitsland (KR 2011) 38.6 m België (LG 2011) |
|
18. Nordmann (Caucasian) Fir | Abies nordmanniana | 37.2 m
Paleistuin
Soestdijk (LG 2009, Suunto clinometer) 34.2 m Wageningen (LG 2011) |
68.6
m Caucasus (Alan Mitchell 1995), possible 78 m (e-mail Vladimir
Dinets) unverified reports up to 85 m. |
see Europe |
19. Sycamore maple | Acer pseudoplatanus | 37 m
Bronbeek, Arnhem (JPh 2009) 35.2 m Marienwaerdt (JPh 2009) |
40.6
m Biogradska Gora NP, Montenegro (KR & JPh 2012, laser) 40 m Denmark, Jaegersborg Dyrehave 40 m (1985), Haddington, East Lothian, Scotland. 39.0 m Perucica Reserve (KR 2012, laser) |
see Europe |
20. Common Lime | Tilia x europea | 36.8 m Kasteel Neuburg, Gulpen (LG 2011) | 46 m
Edenhall, Penrith, Cumbria, England 1995 43.2 m Rye Valley, Duncome Perk, North Yorkshire, England (RL, 2012) |
|
21. Horse chestnut | Aesculus hippocastanum | 36.8 m
Wulperhorst (JH, JPh 2011) 36 m Marienwaerdt (JPh 2009) |
38 m England | |
22. Black Poplar | Populus nigra | 36.5 m Vondelpark, Amsterdam (JPh 2010) | 39 m
Newbury, Hampshire, England 38.1 m Kromnów, Poland (Piotr Gach 2011) |
|
23. Silver maple | Acer saccharinum | 36.5 m Chaam,
NBr. (LG 2009, Suunto) 31.8 m Hogeschool Larenstein, Velp (LG 2011) |
||
24. Common Silver Fir | Abies alba | 35.5 m Het Loo, Apeldoorn (LG, 2010) | 68 m Black Forest, Germany (Klein 1908,
unsure) 65 m Perucica forest, Bosnia (Leibundgut, 1976,1982, unsure) 60.5 m Mionsí forest, Czech Republic 57.35 m Switzerland - Dürsrüti firs 54.0 m Perucica Reserve, Bosnia-Hercegovina (JPh 2012, laser) 53.6 m Biogradska Gora NP (KR & JP 2012, laser) |
|
25. Large leaved lime | Tilia platyphyllos | 35.2 m Kasteelpark Amstenrade, L. (JPh 2009) | 41.6
m Liesbach, Frankrijk (AR, 2012, laser) 41.5 m Ierland (Tree Register) 39.2 m Biogradska Gora NP, Montenegro (JP 2012, laser) 38.6 m Hartenstein, Saksen, Duitsland (KR, Christopher Hase, aug. 2011) |
|
26. Japanese larch | Larix kaempferi | 35.2 m Speulderbos (LG 2011) | ||
27. American black walnut | Juglans nigra | 35.2 m Mariënwaerdt, Beesd, Gld (JPh 2009) | ||
28. Wych Elm | Ulmus glabra | 35 m Amelisweerd (JPh 2010) | 44 m -
Romania 42 (45?) m - Kloster Grünheim, Sachsen, Duitsland, till 2009 41 m Engeland, till 1998 40.4 m Biogradska Gora NP (KR & JP 2012, laser) 39 m Bialowieza NP (TN; tree is dead in 2011) 38.4 m Bialowieza NP (TN 2011, laser) |
|
29. Black pine | Pinus nigra | 34.8 m Schovenhorst, Putten (J.Ph., 2010) | 47.4
m
Crna Poda, Durmitor N.P., Montenegro (KR & JPh 2012)
43 m Ierland (TROI), Schotland (Tree Register) |
|
30. Caucasian spruce | Picea orientalis | 34.8 m Park Kasteel Rozendaal (LG 2011) | ||
31. White willow | Salix alba | 34.6 m Kasteellaan Haeren, Voerendaal (JPh 2009) | 40 m, Germany | |
32. Sweet chestnut | Castanea sativa | 34.6 m Sonsbeek, Arnhem (JPh 2009) | 36.0 m Studley Roal Deer Park, Yorkshire, Engeland (Rob Linley, Tree Register 2012) | |
33. Bald cypres | Taxodium distichum | 34.6 m Sonsbeekpark, Arnhem (LG 2011) | 36 m
England, The Tree Register 35.0 m Oudergem, Belgium (LG 2011) |
44 m (USA, ENTS) |
34. Western hemlock | Tsuga heterophylla | 34.5 m Landgoed Bruggelen (LG 2010) | 45.6 m Tervuren, Belgium (MM 2011) | 82.9 m (Californië, USA, 2011) |
35. Silver lime | Tilia tomentosa | 34.4 m Stadspark, Maastricht (JPh 2009) | 37.0 m Tervuren, Belgium (LG 2011) | |
36. Dutch elm | Ulmus x hollandica 'Belgica' | 34.2 m Amsterdam (JPh 2010) | ||
37. Turkish oak | Quercus cerris | 34.2 m Huize Empe, Gem. Voorst (JPh 2011) | 38 m
England,
The Tree Register 36.2 m Knighthayes Court, Devon, England (JPh 2011) |
|
38. Scots pine | Pinus sylvestris | 33.6 m Twickel, Delden , Ov. (JPh 2009) | 45.3 m
Bialowieza Forest, Poland (Thomas Niechoda, 2011) 43.5 m Hauptsmoorwald bij Bamberg, Bavaria, Germany 40.97 m Brandenburg, Germany |
|
39. Wheatley elm | Ulmus minor 'Sarniensis' | 33.6 m Frans Halsstraat Utrecht (LG 2009) | 35 m England (Tree register) | |
40. Sessile oak | Quercus petraea | 33.5 m
Sonsbeek, Arnhem (JPh 2009) |
50 m Foret de
Bercé, France 45 m Romania 44.6 m - Wipfelsfurt, Kelheim, Germany (KR 2011) 44 m Spessart, Germany |
|
41. Pin oak | Quercus palustris | 33.4 m Landgoed Biljoen, Velp, Gld (LG 2011) | ||
42. Black alder | Alnus glutinosa | 33 m Sonsbeek, Arnhem (JPh 2009) |
39.2 m Bialowieza NP, Poland
(TN 2011) 37.4 m Spreewald, Sachsen, Germany 35.8 m Chemnitz, Germany (KR 2010) |
|
43. Oriëntal plane | Platanus oriëntalis | 33 m Mariënwaerdt, Beesd, Gld (JPh 2009) | 40.6 m Trsteno, Dubrovnik, Croatia (KR & JPh 2012, laser) (44 m before pruning, Aubrey Fennell, 2005, Hagar Hypsometer) | |
44. Dawn redwood | Metasequoia glyptostroboides | 32.8 m Sonsbeek, Arnhem (LG 2011) | ||
45. Hungarian oak | Quercus frainetto | 32.6 m Sonsbeek, Arnhem (JPh 2009) | ||
46. Black locust | Robinia pseudoacacia | 32.4 m De Ehze, Almen (JPh 2010) | ||
47. Silver birch | Betula pendula | 32.4 m Rhederoord, Rheden, Gld (JPh 2011) | 36.4 m
Bialowieza NP, Poland (TN 2011) 33.6 m Duitsland (KR 2010) |
|
48. Hornbeam | Carpinus betulus | 32.2 m - landgoed Oostbroek, De Bilt (JH / JPh 2011) | 34.2 m Bialowieza NP,
Poland (TN 2011) 33.0 m Enghien, Belgium (JPh 2010) |
|
49. White elm | Ulmus laevis | 32.2 m Chateau St Gerlach, Valkenburg (LG 2011) | ||
50. Small leaved lime | Tilia cordata | 32 m Kasteel Amstenrade, L. (JPh 2009) |
37.2 m
Bialowieza NP, Poland
(TN 2011) 37 m Engeland (Tree Register) |
|
51. Noble fir | Abies procera | 32 m Arboretum Schovenhorst, Putten (JPh 2010) | 40.0
m Stourhead, England (JPh 2011) 39.8 m Arboretum Tervuren Belgium (MM 2011) |
87.48 m or 89.92 m Washington State, VS (BvP) |
52. Sweet Cherry | Prunus avium | 31.6 m Amelisweerd, Utrecht (JPh 2009) | ||
53.Coast Redwood | Sequoia sempervirens | 31.5 m Verwolde, Laren, Gld (JPh 2010) | 52
m - Bussaco, near Luso, Portugal (Dean Nicole 2010, laser) 49 m - Wales (Tree Register) |
115.72 m California, USA (Sillett c.s. 2011) |
54. Caucasian wingnut | Pterocarya fraxinifolia | 31.4 m Over-Holland, Utrecht (JPh 2011) | ||
55. Japanese cypress / Sugi | Cryptomeria japonica | 30.8 m - Huize Empe, Voorst, Gld. (LG, JPh 2011) | ||
56. Pagoda tree | Styphnolobium japonicum | 30.7 m - Kasteelpark Helmond (LG 2009) | ||
57. Atlas Cedar | Cedrus libani atlantica | 30.4 m - Valkenburg L. (LG 2011) |
42 m Marokko 38 m Engeland 36.0 m La Ferté Imbault, France (JPh, May 2011) |
|
58. California incense cedar | Calocedrus decurrens | 30.2 m - Schovenhorst, Putten (LG 2010) | ||
59. Lawson's cypress | Chamaecyparis lawsoniana | 30.2 m - Het Loo, Apeldoorn (LG 2011) | ||
60. Nootka cypress | Cupressus nootkatensis | 30.2 m - Rhederoord, De Steegh (LG 2011) | ||
61. Norway maple | Acer platanoïdes | 30.2 m - Hofstetterlaan, Ellecom (JPh 2009) | 37.2 m Bialowieza NP (Tomasz Niechoda 2011) | |
62. Downy birch | Betula pubescens | 29.6
Huize Empe, Voorst, G. (LG 2011) |
||
63. Black Cottonwood | Populus trichocarpa | 34.0 m - Wichmond, gem. Bronckhorst (JPh 2011) | ||
64. Chestnut-leaved oak | Quercus castaneifolia | 29.1 m - Arboretum Poort Bulten, De Lutte (LG 2010) |
34.6 m Arboretum
Groenendaal, Hoeilaart, Belgium (LG 2011) 33 m Kew Gardens, Engeland |
|
65. Tree of Heaven | Ailanthus altissima | 28.8 m - Wilhelminapark, Utrecht (NK 2010) | ||
66. Honey locust | Gleditsia triacanthos | 28.0 m - Waldeckpark, Maastricht (LG 2011) | ||
67. Ginkgo | Ginkgo biloba | 27.3 m Stadspark Maastricht (LG 2011) | ||
68. American sweetgum | Liquidambar stiraciflua | 27.0 m - Kalheupinkpark, Oldenzaal (JPh 2010) | ||
69. Field maple | Acer campestre | 27.0 m - De Niënhof - Bunnik (JH / JPh 2010) | 28.0 m Arboretum Groenendaal, Hoeilaart, Belgium (LG 2011) | |
70. Cedar of Lebanon | Cedrus libani | 26.2 m - Kasteeltuin Twickel, Delden (JPh 2010) | 37 m Engeland (Tree Register) | |
71. Yellow buckeye | Aesculus flava | 25.8 m - Singelplantsoen Utrecht (LG 2010) | 53 m - USA | |
72. Kentucky Coffe tree | Gymnocladus dioicus | 25.2 m - Stadspark Maastricht (JPh 2009) | ||
73. Red horsechestnut | Aesculus carnea | 24.9 m - Hoogelandsepark, Utrecht (LG 2009) | ||
74. Turkish hazel | Corylus colurna | 23.5 m - Cultuurtuin Delft (LG 2009) | ||
75. Monky-puzzle | Araucaria auracana | 23.0 m - Rhederoord (JPh 2009) | ||
76. Yew | Taxus baccata | 22.0 m - Huis te Warmond, Warmond (LG 2009) | ||
77. Dove tree | Davidia involucrata | 22.0 m - kasteel Amstenrade, Schinnen, L. (LG 2009) | ||
78. Southern catalpa | Catalpa bignonioides | 21.8 m - Nieuwe Plantsoen, Ceintuurbaan, Deventer (LG 2009) | ||
79. Katsura (Japanese Judas - tree) | Cercidiphyllum japonicum | 20.5 m - kasteel Sypestein, Nieuw Loosdrecht (LG 2009) | ||
80. Common (Persian) Walnut | Juglans regia | 20.4 m - Voorsterklei bij Zutphen (JPh 2010) | ||
European aspen | Populus tremula | ? | 41.4
m - Bialowieza NP, Poland (TN 2011) 42.0 m - Bialowieza NP, Poland (dead standing tree, TN 2011) |
|
Gum tree | Eucalyptus diversicolor and globulus |
----- | 72 m Portugal
(diversic., Dean Nicole, laser) 68 m Spain (globulus, Dean Nicole, laser) |
99.6 m Australia /
Tasmania In 19e century over 120 m |
The tallest trees on Earth.
The tallest trees on earth are Coast Redwoods
(Sequoia
sempervirens) from California, USA.
The tallest individual tree was discovered at August 26, 2006, in Redwood National
Park: its height since is measured each year by climbing by Steve Sillett c.s. It
now has the incredible hight of 115.72 m (379.65 feet, sept. 2012) and is called Hyperion.
In July 2006 there were already found two record breaking Redwoods of 114.58 and
113.14 meter.
See: http://www.nativetreesociety.org/bigtree/new_worlds_tallest.htm
and http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/archive/2006/09/07/TREE.TMP
From 2000 - 2006, the tallest known Redwood
was the Stratosphere Giant; it is now 113.30 m (371.72 feet). It is still
growing, it was
112.34 m in aug.2000 and 112.56 m in
2002. Measured with laser and climbing by Steve Sillet.
It was discovered by Chris Atkins in 2000 in Rockefeller Forest of the Humboldt
Redwoods State Park. There are eleven living known trees above 112 m (367.45
feet), fourty-one exceeding 110 m (361 feet) and more than 218 above 105 m (344.5
feet). See: http://landmarktrees.net/redwoods.html
.
In the past one other Redwood was reported to be over 115 m (377.3 feet). In the end of the
nineteenth and the beginning of the twenteeth century Douglas Fir as well
as Mountain Ash (Eucalyptus regnans) of Australia have been
reported to be over 120 m. The tallest Douglas Fir, the Doerner Fir, is now 99.76 m (327.3
feet).
Tallest broadleaf tree is the Mountain Ash (Eucalyptus regnans).
The tallest individual tree, growing in Tasmania, Australia, is 99.6 m (326.8
feet).
In tropical rainforests few trees
exceed 60 m. In the Amazone forest in South America apparantly there are no
trees above 60 m, in the African Rainfoirest a handful of species (Robert van
Pelt, All Carder). In Indonesia and Malaysia there are several species wich grow
taller.
Tallest of all tropical trees is the Tualang or Bee-tree, Koompassia
excelsa, wich often surpasses 76 m (250 feet). Tallest (measured in Sabah, Malaysia / North
Borneo)
was 85.76 m (281 feet, Roman Dial c.s., 2007).
Also of the well-known family of Dipterocarpaceae several species growing
in this region reach 60 to 85 m. One Shorea faguetiana recently was
measured by Roman Dial c.s. of 88.33 m (290 feet), the tallest of all
tropical trees.
Douglas Fir of 73.8 m, Vancouver Island, Canada
Tallest trees of the world (information a.o. Van Pelt, literature 21 en Giant Trees of Tasmanië)
English name | Scientific name | Tallest known living | Tallest in the past | Location | |
1 | Coast Redwood | Sequoia sempervirens | 1.
115.72
m
(Steve Sillett 2012; "Hyperion", found in
Aug. 2006 by Chris Atkins & Michael Taylor) 2. 114.68 m (Atkins, Taylor, Sillet, Van Pelt, 7 juli 2006, "Helios") 3. 113.30 m (Steve Sillet, 2011, "Stratosphere giant") 4. 113.14 m (Atkins, Taylor, Sillet, Van Pelt, 2011, "Icarus" Dead spire top, once taller) |
115.9 m (Eureka Tree, 1914) | Redwood National Park, California, USA |
2 | Douglas Fir | Pseudotsuga menziesii | 99.76 ("Doerner Fir", also
called "Brummit Fir") Living branches 96.9 m |
Rond 1900: 126.5 m | Brummit Creek, Coose County, Oregon, USA |
3 | Eucalyptus: Mountain Ash | Eucalyptus regnans | 99.6 m (Brett Mifsud) | 112.8 m (140+ m?) eind 19e eeuw | Arve Valley, Tasmania, Australia |
4 | Sitka Spruce | Picea sitchensis | 96.9 m | Prairie Creek Redwoods State Park, California, United States | |
5 | Giant Sequoia | Sequoiadendron giganteum | 95.8 m (Steve Sillet cs, 2012) | Redwood Mountain Grove, Kings Canyon National Park,California,USA | |
6 | Eucalyptus: Blue Gum | Eucalyptus globulus | 90.75 m (Brett Mifsud 2005 ) | Near Lonnavale, Tasmania, Australia | |
7 | Eucalyptus: Manna Gum | Eucalyptus viminalis | 88.9 m (Brett Mifsud) | Near Fingal, Tasmania, Australia | |
8 | Dipterocarpus spec | Shorea faguetiana | 88.32 m (Roman Dial 2007) | Tawau Hills Park, Gergassi Ridge, Sabah, Malaysia | |
9 | Eucalyptus: Alpine Ash | Eucalyptus delegatensis | 87.9 m (Brett Mifsud) | near Wayatinah, Tasmania, Australia | |
10 | Noble fir | Abies procera | 87.48 m | 89.9 m | Washington, USA |
11 | Tualang (also called Tapang and Menggaris) | Koömpassia excelsa (Caesalpiniaceae) |
85.76 m (Roman Dial 2007) | Tawau Hills Park, Mengaris Knob, Sabah, Malaysia | |
12 | Dipterocarpus spec | Shorea argentifolia | 84.84 m (Roman Dial 2007) | Tawau Hills Park, Gaharu Ridge, Sabah, Malaysia | |
13 | Eucalyptus | Eucalyptus obliqua | 84.7 m (Brett Mifsud) | Wild Rivers Nat. Park, Tasmania, Australia | |
14 | Dipterocarpus spec | Shorea superba | 84.40 m (Roman Dial 2007) | Tawau Hills Park, Gergassi Ridge, Sabah, Malaysia | |
15 | Eucalyptus: Shining Gum | Eucalyptus nitens | 84.3 m (Brett Mifsud) | Victoria, Australia | |
16 | Western Hemlock | Tsuga heterophylla | 82.9 m (M.Vaden, St.Sillett, 2011) | California,USA | |
17 | Dipterocarpus spec | Hopeia nutans | 82.82 m (Roman Dial 2007) | Tawau Hills Park, Gaharu Ridge, Sabah, Malaysia | |
18 | Dipterocarpus spec | Shorea johorensis | 82.39 m (Roman Dial 2007) | Tawau Hills Park, Coco Park Boundary, Sabah, Malaysia | |
19 | Eucalyptus | Eucalyptus saligna | 82.3 m (planted) 81.5 or 79 m (Izak van der Merwe) |
Hawai, USA (Pacific) South Africa |
|
20 | Dipterocarpus soort | Shorea smithiana | 82.27 m (Roman Dial 2007) | Tawau Hills Park, Coco Park Boundary, Sabah, Maleisië | |
21 | Sugar Pine | Pinus lambertiana | 82.17 m (R. van
Pelt; tree died in 2010) 79.5 m (Michael Taylor, sept. 2012) |
Yosimite N.P. California, USA | |
22 | Ponderosa Pine | Pinus ponderosa | 81.77 m (Michael Taylor, Mario Vaden 2011) | California, USA | |
23 | Grand Fir | Abies grandis | 81.4 m | 91 m | Californië,USA |
24 | Dipterocarpus spec | Shorea gibbosa | 81.11 m (Roman Dial 2007) | Tawau Hills Park, River Flats, Sabah, Malaysia | |
25 | Lawson Cypress (Port Orford cedar) | Chamaecyparis lawsoniana | 81.08 m (Michael Taylor, Mario Vaden 2011) | Oregon, USA | |
26 | Eucalyptus: Karri | Eucalyptus diversicolor | 80.5 (Brett
Mifsud, laser) 72.0 m (planted, Dean Nicole 2010) |
Near Manjimup, West Australia Near Coïmbra, Portugal |
|
27 | Eucalyptus | Eucalyptus nobilis | 79.2 m | Styx River State Forest, near Armidale, New South Wales | |
28 | Eucalyptus | Eucalyptus deglupta | 78 m (Al Carder 2005) | Malaysia | |
29 | California red fir | Abies magnifica | 76.8 m (R. van Pelt 1998) | California, USA | |
30 | Dipterocarpus spec | Dryobalanops aromatica | 76.2 m (Al Carder 2005) | Malaysia | |
31 | Dyera costulata (Apocynacea) | 76.2 m (Al Carder 2005) | Malaysia | ||
32 | Californische zilverspar | Abies lowiana | 75.5 m (Will Blozan 2011) | Californië, VS | |
33 | Dipterocarpus spec | Parashorea malaanonan | 72.8 m | Danum Valley Sabah, Malaysia | |
34 | Pacific silver fir | Abies amabilis | 71.9 m (R. van Pelt 2000) | Washington, USA | |
35 | Eucalyptus | Eucalyptus deanei | 71 m (Dean Nicole 2010) | Woodford, Blue Mountains NP, Australia | |
36 | Western white pine | Pinus monticola | 70.7 m (R. van Pelt 2000) | Idaho, USA | |
37 | Nordmann Fir | Abies nordmanniana | 68.6 m (unsure reports of 78 or even 85 m) | Caucasus Nat. Reserve, Russia | |
38 | Dipterocarpus spec | Shorea leprosula | 66.0 m | Danum Valley Sabah, Malaysia | |
39 | Dipterocarpus spec | Cotylelobium melanoxylon | 64 m | Brunei, Borneo |
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